THE EVOLVE BLOG

Using SWOT Analysis to Support Individuals Experiencing Homelessness

By Dan Hubbard

At Evolve Outreach, we are committed to empowering individuals experiencing homelessness by understanding their unique journeys and helping them move toward lasting stability. To do this effectively, we use tools that go beyond surface-level assessments—tools that help us see each person as a whole.

One of the frameworks we’ve adapted from the business world is the SWOT analysis—an evaluation model that examines Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. While traditionally used by organizations to guide strategic planning, SWOT analysis proves to be just as valuable when applied on a personal level, especially in the field of homelessness services.

By taking a structured, empathetic look at everyone’s internal assets and challenges, as well as the external factors influencing their lives, we can create tailored support plans that are both realistic and aspirational. This approach allows us to meet people where they are—recognizing their resilience, addressing their needs, and working alongside them to navigate barriers and pursue opportunities.

In addition to conducting our own SWOT analysis, we also invite each individual to complete their own version. This empowers them to reflect on their personal journey, recognize their strengths, and identify the areas where they feel they need the most support. By including their voice in the process, we ensure the plan we create is not just about them—but built with them.

What follows is a breakdown of how we apply SWOT analysis in our work with individuals experiencing homelessness—and why this method is a powerful part of our mission to improve lives and build stronger communities.

1 Strengths

We begin by identifying internal strengths that each individual brings with them—assets that can be built upon during their journey toward stability:

Resilience and Adaptability: Many individuals facing homelessness have developed strong coping mechanisms and the ability to adapt to extreme challenges.

Interpersonal Skills: Some possess valuable communication and relationship-building skills that can help them connect with support networks and potential employers.

Existing Skills and Experience: Individuals often have employment history, vocational abilities, or education that can be leveraged for future opportunities.

Motivation and Determination: A strong internal drive to change their situation is a powerful force that we recognize and support.

Spiritual or Religious Beliefs: Faith can serve as a source of hope, encouragement, and emotional strength during difficult times.

2 Weaknesses

We also assess internal barriers that may be hindering the individual's ability to move forward. Understanding these helps us determine where support is needed most:

Lack of Stable Housing: This core issue impacts nearly every other area of life, from health to safety and employment.

Limited Access to Resources: Many face difficulty accessing healthcare, job opportunities, education, and essential services.

Health Issues: Chronic physical health conditions are common and often worsened by life on the streets.

Mental Health Challenges: Anxiety, depression, PTSD, and other mental health issues are prevalent and can impact daily functioning.

Substance Use: In some cases, substance use may be a contributing factor to homelessness or a coping mechanism for trauma.

Lack of Social Support: The absence of a strong support network can leave individuals feeling isolated and vulnerable.

3 Opportunities

We then explore external opportunities that can support an individual’s progress and open doors to a more stable future:

Access to Support Services: Housing programs, healthcare clinics, food assistance, and employment services can be life-changing.

Mentorship and Training: Job training, education, and mentorship programs equip individuals with skills and guidance.

Community Engagement: Participation in community programs can foster a sense of belonging and connection.

Advocacy and Awareness: Policy change and increased awareness can reduce stigma and create more accessible pathways out of homelessness.

Self-Sufficiency Programs: Programs that focus on independence help individuals gain control over their circumstances and work toward long-term goals.

4 Threats

Lastly, we consider external threats—ongoing risks and systemic issues that could make it harder for individuals to succeed:

Lack of Affordable Housing: The shortage of safe, affordable housing is a significant barrier to exiting homelessness.

Systemic Barriers: Complicated systems and bureaucratic hurdles can limit access to necessary services.

Lack of Public Awareness: Misconceptions and stigma around homelessness can lead to discrimination and a lack of compassion.

Increased Competition for Services: Overwhelmed resources may limit access to shelters, food, or medical care.

Trauma and Mental Health: Unaddressed trauma and ongoing mental health struggles can disrupt recovery.

Criminalization of Homelessness: Laws that penalize homelessness can create cycles of incarceration and instability.

While SWOT analysis provides valuable insight into an individual’s situation, it is not intended to replace government-mandated forms or standardized assessments. Instead, it serves as a supplemental, person-centered tool that helps our team better understand the whole person behind the paperwork—enhancing, not duplicating, the formal intake process.

By applying the SWOT analysis model to individuals experiencing homelessness, we are able to create person-centered, actionable strategies that go beyond temporary solutions. This approach allows us to focus on strengths, fill in the gaps, open new doors, and help individuals navigate around the obstacles in their lives.

At its heart, this method reflects our core belief: every person has potential—and with the right support, they can build a path toward stability, dignity, and a better condition of life.

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